Finland is the northernmost country in Europe and one
of the Scandinavian countries. It shares its borders
with Sweden to the west, Russia to the east, Norway
to the north, and the Baltic Sea to the south and
southeast. Almost 70% of the country is covered in
thick forests. The Scandinavian mountain range
stretches across the northwestern parts of the
country. Helsinki is the capital of Finland. A
majority of the country’s population lives in and
around Helsinki. Like in India, Finland has a Prime
Minister and President.
Finland is divided into 19 provinces; each province
has its unique characteristics. Here’s a brief
overview of each:
Åland Islands is an archipelago of
80 Swedish speaking islands, known for its maritime
charm and beauty. The capital of Mariehamn, is a
lively international harbour between Finland and
Sweden.
Uusimaa has four national parks and
the cities of Helsinki, Porvoo and Hanko.
Southwest Finland is known for its
rich history, Turku, the oldest city in Finland, and
its picturesque archipelago.
Satakunta has diverse agricultural
and industrial landscapes and is known for its
cultural events, including the Pori Jazz festival
held in the capital of Pori. This province also has
a UNESCO World Heritage site, Old Rauma, known for
its wooden architecture.
Pirkanmaa’s capital is Tampere,
which distinguishes itself with its red brick houses
and industrial history. The small town of Nokia, in
this province, is the birthplace of the mobile phone
company.
Päijänne Tavastia is known for its
beautiful lakes and forests. Lahti, the capital of
this province, is known for ski championships and
musical concerts.
Kanta-Häme is famous for the 13th
century medieval Hämeenlinna castle.
Kymenlaakso has 2 UNESCO World
Heritage sites in the town of Jaala. The capital
city of this province, Kotka, is located on the
delta of the Kymi River, one of the largest in
Finland. It is also a famous seaport.
South Karelia has two popular
tourist destinations: Saimaa Lakelands and Imatra
Rapids. This province is also famous for its
pastries.
Etelä-Savo (South Savo) is famous
for the annual opera festival held in the medieval
castle of Olavinlinna in Savonlinna. A stunning
lake, the habitat of the rare Saima ringed seal, can
be viewed from the castle.
North Savo is a region rich in
nature and agriculture, famous for its culinary
traditions and festivals. This province also hosts
the annual Wife-Carrying World Championships.
North Karelia is known for its
rugged landscapes and strong folklore, particularly
in music and crafts. The Koli National Park is in
this province.
Central Finland is home to
Jyväskylä, the capital of this province. This place
has many lakes and four national parks: Leivonmäki,
Konnevesi, Pyhä-Häkki, and Salamajärvi. It also has
two UNESCO World Heritage Sites: the Petäjävesi Old
Church and the Struve Geodetic Arc at Oravuori.
South Ostrobothnia is famous for its
unique wooden architecture, vibrant agricultural
community, and annual Tango festival.
Ostrobothnia is a bilingual region
with a prominent Swedish speaking population. This
province has flat landscapes with scenic farms.
North Ostrobothnia is a province
that combines the best of nature and modern living.
The capital, Oulu, is a hub for start-ups and IT
companies. The town of Kuusamo in this province has
the Ruka Ski Centre. This province has pristine
national parks and extensive wilderness.
Kainuu is a tranquil region, ideal
for nature lovers. A large part of this province is
covered with swamps. The Swamp Soccer World
Championship is held in this region. The boreal
forests of this place are home to a range of
wildlife, such as the brown bear, golden eagle and
great-spotted woodpecker.
Lapland is the largest and
northernmost province in Finland. Its capital is
Rovaniemi. Lapland is known for its vast wilderness,
Santa Claus, and Indigenous Sámi culture and is a
prime location for viewing the Northern Lights.